What is the difference between income and net worth?
Put simply, income is the amount you earn whereas net worth is the total value of your assets minus any debt. When it comes to measuring your financial health, income isn't the metric that matters.
Even though it's your biggest wealth-building tool, income is only part of your financial picture. Think of it this way: Your income is how you make money, but your net worth measures your actual level of wealth, providing a much more accurate picture of your overall financial health.
Your net worth is your assets minus your liabilities. It's what you have left over after you pay all your liabilities. Net worth is a better measure of someone's financial stability than income alone. A person's income could be disrupted by job loss or reduction in work hours.
Net worth is the value of all assets, minus the total of all liabilities. Put another way, net worth is what is owned minus what is owed.
25-50% – Strong: This means that you have a good amount of wealth accumulated relative to your earnings. You may be on track to achieve your financial goals, but still have room for improvement. You need to maintain your saving and investing rate, monitor your portfolio performance, and protect your income sources.
The typical American household has a net worth of about $97,300. To be in the richest 20% of the US population, you need a household net worth of nearly $500,000. It can be helpful to see how your net worth compares with others', broken down by age.
Based on that figure, an annual income of $500,000 or more would make you rich. The Economic Policy Institute uses a different baseline to determine who constitutes the top 1% and the top 5%. For 2021, you're in the top 1% if you earn $819,324 or more each year. The top 5% of income earners make $335,891 per year.
Net worth is different than income, since we don't necessarily keep every dollar we make. Instead, we buy, borrow and make investments with money, and the total value of our properties and cash goes up and down with time. Your net worth is, therefore, a big-picture way to measure your overall financial health.
Age by decade | Average net worth | Median net worth |
---|---|---|
30s | $277,788 | $34,691 |
40s | $713,796 | $126,881 |
50s | $1,310,775 | $292,085 |
60s | $1,634,724 | $454,489 |
Net worth is the difference between the values of your assets and liabilities. The average American net worth is $1,063,700, as of 2022. Net worth averages increase with age from $183,500 for those 35 and under to $1,794,600 for those 65 to 74. Net worth, however, tends to drop for those 75 and older.
Does 401k count as net worth?
Yes. The value of your 401(k) account is a part of your net worth and should be included in your net worth. Like anything else of financial value, the vested balance of your 401(k) account — or any retirement account, for that matter — is considered an asset.
Your net worth is what you own minus what you owe. It's the total value of all your assets—including your house, cars, investments and cash—minus your liabilities (things like credit card debt, student loans, and what you still owe on your mortgage).
However, one measure that many overlook is net worth. Your net worth represents how much wealth you have, measured by assets like a house, cars, 401(k), jewelry or cash in the bank, minus the debt obligations you have, or what you owe.
A common rule of thumb for determining what your net worth should be at any given age is to divide your age by 10, then multiple that by your gross annual income. So if you're 40 years old making $100,000 a year then you should have a net worth of $400,000.
Age Range | 90th Percentile Net Worth |
---|---|
Under 35 | $372,000 |
35-44 | $1.05 million |
45-54 | $1.974 million |
55-64 | $2.961 million |
Age | Income | Net Worth |
---|---|---|
25 | $35,000 | $87,500 |
30 | $50,000 | $150,000 |
50 | $55,000 | $275,000 |
60 | $75,000 | $450,000 |
Middle class: Those in the 40th to 60th percentile of household income, ranging from $55,001 to $89,744. Upper middle class: Households in the 60th to 80th percentile, with incomes between $89,745 and $149,131. Upper class: The top 20% of earners, with household incomes of $149,132 or more.
Middle-class income currently ranges from a little under $40,000 to a little over $119,000. The definition of middle class extends beyond income to factors like education, location and marital status.
According to Schwab's 2023 Modern Wealth Survey, Americans perceive an average net worth of $2.2 million as wealthy​​​​. Knight Frank's research indicates that a net worth of $4.4 million is required to be in the top 1% in America, a figure much higher than in countries like Japan, the U.K. and Australia​​.
Many have graduate degrees with educational attainment serving as the main distinguishing feature of this class. Household incomes commonly exceed $100,000, with some smaller one-income earners household having incomes in the high 5-figure range. "The upper middle class has grown...and its composition has changed.
What is considered wealthy in 2024?
You need more money than ever to enter the ranks of the top 1% of the richest Americans. To join the club of the wealthiest citizens in the U.S., you'll need at least $5.8 million, up about 15% up from $5.1 million one year ago, according to global real estate company Knight Frank's 2024 Wealth Report.
To feel wealthy, Americans say you need a net worth of at least $2.2 million on average, according to financial services company Charles Schwab's annual Modern Wealth Survey.
The lowest 20% bracket is considered the poverty class. They have a median net worth of $6,030. This quintile typically represents younger individuals who have not had time to accumulate much wealth. They may have big student debt or be earning minimum wage, making it hard to save.
The Federal Reserve issues its Survey of Consumer Finances every three years. The most recent report includes data collected mainly in 2022. Between 2019 and 2022, the median net worth of U.S. households surged 37% to $192,900, according to the report. The mean, or average, net worth increased 23% to $1,063,700.
Although Social Security is not directly counted as part of an individual's net worth – since it's not a liquid asset you can sell or a debt you can pay off – it still affects your financial standing in substantial ways.
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